Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje lophuhliso lwesoftware, kubalulekile ukugcina ulungelelwaniso kunye neendlela ezicocekileyo zokukhowuda. Olunye uqheliselo olulolo hlobo kukwenza iifayile ezahlukeneyo zemisebenzi ethile kunye nokuzithumela ngaphandle njengamathala eencwadi kwezinye iifayile. Oku akuphuculi ukufundeka kwekhowudi kuphela kodwa kukwanceda ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona kwekhowudi. Eli nqaku liza kukukhokela malunga nendlela yokwenza ifayile kwaye uyingenise njengelayibrari kwenye ifayile usebenzisa iPython, ilandelwa yinkcazo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sekhowudi. Ukongeza, siza kuphonononga ezinye iilayibrari ezinxulumeneyo kunye nemisebenzi enokuba luncedo kubaphuhlisi.
Ukuqala, makhe siqonde ingxaki ekhoyo. Masithi unefayile yePython equlethe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, kwaye unqwenela ukusebenzisa le misebenzi kwenye ifayile. Esikhundleni sokukopisha kunye nokunamathisela ikhowudi, ukungenisa ifayile njengelayibrari kunokugcina ixesha kunye nomzamo, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Landela la manyathelo ukwenza ifayile kwaye uyingenise njengethala leencwadi kwenye ifayile usebenzisa iPython:
1. Yenza ifayile entsha yePython kunye nemisebenzi efunekayo.
2. Gcina ifayile enegama elifanelekileyo, umzekelo, “my_library.py”.
3. Ngoku, kwenye ifayile yePython, ungangenisa eli thala leencwadi usebenzisa igama elingundoqo elithi "import".
Nantsi inyathelo ngenyathelo inkcazo yekhowudi:
Okokuqala, yenza ifayile entsha yePython ebizwa ngokuthi "my_library.py" kwaye ubandakanye le misebenzi ilandelayo:
def addition(a, b):
return a + b
def multiplication(a, b):
return a * b
Le misebenzi mibini yenza imisebenzi yokudibanisa nokuphindaphinda, ngokulandelelanayo.
Ngoku, masenze enye ifayile yePython ebizwa ngokuba yi "main.py" apho siya kungenisa "my_library.py" yethu:
import my_library
result1 = my_library.addition(3, 5)
result2 = my_library.multiplication(3, 5)
print("Addition: ", result1)
print("Multiplication: ", result2)
Kwi-"main.py", singenisa kuqala ifayile ethi "my_library". Emva koko, sibiza imisebenzi "yokudibanisa" kunye "nophinda-phindo" ukusuka ku-"my_library.py" usebenzisa i-dot notation. Ekugqibeleni, siprinta iziphumo zemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Emva kokwenza "main.py", uya kubona imveliso njenge:
``
Ukongeza: 8
Ukuphindaphinda: 15
``
IPython yokungenisa kunye namaThala eencwadi
I-Python ibonelela ngeseti enkulu yamathala eencwadi, eyaziwa ngokuba ziimodyuli, ezenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yenziwe ngokulula. Unokwenza imodyuli yakho okanye ungenise iilayibrari ezakhelwe ngaphakathi eziza nePython.
Ukuthathwa ngaphandle kwamathala eencwadi yinkqubo elula: kufuneka usebenzise "ukungenisa" igama elingundoqo elilandelwa ligama lethala leencwadi. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona igama elingundoqo elithi "ukusuka" ukungenisa imisebenzi ethile kwithala leencwadi:
from my_library import addition
Apha, ungenisa kuphela "ukudibanisa" umsebenzi ukusuka "my_library.py", kwaye ungayisebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kwenqaku lechaphaza.
Imisebenzi kunye neePakethi
A umsebenzi yibhloko yekhowudi ephinda isetyenziswe esetyenziselwa ukwenza umsebenzi othile. Imisebenzi inceda ukuphucula ukufundeka kwekhowudi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona. Ungayichaza imisebenzi yakho, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzekelo ongasentla, okanye usebenzise imisebenzi eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi yePython.
A Ipakethe yingqokelela yeemodyuli zePython kunye namathala eencwadi acwangciswe kuluhlu lolawulo. Yenza lula inkqubo yokulawula nokusasaza amathala eencwadi amaninzi kunye nokuxhomekeka kwawo. I-Python inoluhlu olubanzi lweepakethe ezifumanekayo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, njenge-NumPy yekhompyutha yamanani, i-pandas yokuguqulwa kwedatha, kunye ne-TensorFlow yokufunda koomatshini.
Ekugqibeleni, ukudala iifayile ezihlukeneyo zemisebenzi ethile kunye nokuzingenisa njengamathala eencwadi kwezinye iifayile kuphucula ukulungelelanisa ikhowudi, ukufundwa, kunye nokugcinwa kweeprojekthi zePython. Ukuqonda iingxelo zokungenisa, imisebenzi, kunye neepakethe ziya kubonelela abaphuhlisi ngezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokuziphatha ngokufanelekileyo kokhowudi.
