Indlela yokumisela iklasi sisihloko esibalulekileyo kwiprogram yePython, edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ikhowudi yakho kunye nokuphucula injini yokukhangela (SEO). Kweli nqaku, siza kugocagoca kubugocigoci bendlela yokumisela iklasi, siphonononga usetyenziso, ukusebenza, kunye nefuthe kwi-codebase yakho. Siza kuxoxa kwakhona ngamathala eencwadi anxulumeneyo kunye nemisebenzi edlalwayo xa kuphunyezwa obu buchule. Ekupheleni kweli nqaku, uya kuba nokuqonda ngokucokisekileyo indlela yokumisela iklasi, ukuba ingaqeshwa njani kwiiprojekthi zakho zePython kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwihlabathi lenkqubo.
intshayelelo
Indlela yokumisela iklasi iseti isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukwenza iiklasi zePython kunye neemeko zazo. Ijongana nokudala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezichazi-magama kwiPython, eziziidatha eziguquguqukayo zezakhiwo ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina izibini eziphambili zexabiso. Ezi zibini zexabiso eliphambili zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuququzeleleni nasekuqhubeni idatha ngokufanelekileyo, igalelo ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kwesicelo sakho.
Isisombululo kwiNgxaki
KwiPython, iklasi iseti yedict method iphunyezwa ngokuseta `__dict__` uphawu lodidi okanye umzekelo. Olu phawu sisichazi-magama esigcina iimpawu kunye neendlela zodidi okanye umzekelo. Ngokungagqibekanga, umzekelo ngamnye unesichazi-magama saso, esinokuthi sikhokhelele kwintloko yenkumbulo xa kusenziwa imizekeliso emininzi.
Enye indlela yokwandisa oku kungokwabelana `__dict__` uphawu phakathi kwemizekelo yodidi olufanayo. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokuseta `__dict__` uphawu loyelelwano lomzekelo ukukhomba udidi `__dict__`.
class MyClass:
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = value
a = MyClass(1)
b = MyClass(2)
# Set the instance dictionary to the class dictionary
a.__dict__ = MyClass.__dict__
b.__dict__ = MyClass.__dict__
INyathelo neNyathelo Inkcazo yeKhowudi
Ikhowudi engentla ibonisa inkqubo yokuphumeza i-class set dict method. Masicazulule icandelo ngalinye:
1. Okokuqala sichaza iklasi ebizwa `MyClass`. Ngaphakathi kwenkcazo yeklasi, sine `__init__` indlela, eqalisa umzekelo ngexabiso `ixabiso` elinikiweyo iparamitha.
2. Okulandelayo, senza imizekelo emibini yodidi lwe `MyClass`: `a` kunye `b`. Umzekelo ngamnye uneyakhe `__dict__` ngokungagqibekanga, egcina iimpawu zayo kunye neendlela.
3. Ukuphumeza i-class set dict method, siseta `__dict__` uphawu lomzekelo ngamnye lwalathe kudidi `__dict__`. Oku kuvumela `a` kunye `b` ukwabelana ngeempawu zabo kunye neendlela, ukunciphisa umphezulu wememori.
Amathala eencwadi aNxulumeneyo kunye neMisebenzi
I-Python ibonelela ngamathala eencwadi amaninzi kunye nemisebenzi ehambelanayo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwendlela yokumisela iklasi. Ezi ziquka:
- collections.namedtuple: Eli thala leencwadi libonelela ngomsebenzi womzi-mveliso wokwenza ii-tuple subclass ezinemihlaba enegama. Ii-tuples ezibiziweyo zisebenza kakuhle kwimemori kwaye zinokuba yindlela efanelekileyo kwiiklasi ezineemfuno ezikhaphukhaphu.
- getattr() kunye nesetattr(): Le misebenzi eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ikuvumela ukuba ufumane kwaye usete amaxabiso eempawu eziguqukayo, ezinokuba luncedo xa usebenza kunye nezichazi-magama ekwabelwana ngazo.
Isishwankathelo, indlela yokumisela iklasi yindlela enamandla yokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwememori yeeklasi zePython kunye neemeko. Ngokuphumeza le ndlela, awuvelisi nje ikhowudi esebenzayo ngakumbi kodwa ukwanyusa ulwazi lwakho lwe-SEO kwihlabathi lenkqubo.
