- Isimamva se-.html sisandiso sefayile esiqhelekileyo kwaye asilophawu oluthe ngqo lobuqhetseba.
- Iingcali zokhuseleko lwe-cyber kunye ne-INCIBE zihlaziya yonke indawo, kungekhona nje ukuphela kwayo kwi-URL.
- Iimpawu ezibomvu zokwenyani ziquka ii-https ezingekhoyo, izatifikethi ezingavumelekanga kunye nezicelo zedatha ezirhanelekayo.
- Imfundo yedijithali kunye nokuthandabuza okunempilo zibalulekile ekuphepheni ubuqhetseba kunye nobuqhetseba kwi-intanethi.
Kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo, umbuzo othile ubuvela rhoqo kwiinethiwekhi zentlalo, ii-apps zemiyalezo kunye neeforam zobuchwepheshe: Ngaba iwebhusayithi ingabizwa ngokuba yinkohliso kuba nje idilesi yayo iphela ngo-“.html”? Le ngcamango ivakala ilula kwaye kulula ukuyikhumbula, ngoko ke isasazeke ngokukhawuleza kwiiposti ezisasazwayo kunye nemiyalezo exhalabisayo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba le nkolelo inesiseko sobugcisa sokwenyani na, iintatheli, abasebenzisi kunye namaziko baye babhenela ku iingcali zokhuseleko lwe-cyber, iSpanish National Cybersecurity Institute (INCIBE) kunye nezixhobo ze-AI ezifana neChatGPTIingcaciso zabo zihambelana nenqaku elinye: ubukho be Isimamva se-.html kwi-URL, ngokwaso, asichazi ukuba isayithi isemthethweni okanye inobuqhetseba.
Oko kuthethwa yi-.html ephela kwi-URL ngokwenene
Ngokwembono yobugcisa, Isiphelo se-“.html” sisandiso sefayile samaxwebhu e-HTML, ulwimi oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswa ekwakheni amaphepha ewebhu ukususela kwimihla yokuqala ye-intanethi. Xa isikhangeli silayisha i-URL ephela kwi-“.html”, ngokuyintloko sixelelwa ukuba silande size sibonise ifayile ethile ye-HTML.
Olu lwandiso ludla ngokubonisa ukufikelela kwi iphepha lewebhu elingashukumiyo, apho umxholo oyintloko ugcinwa kwifayile enye kunokuba wenziwe ngephanyazo sisicelo esisecaleni kweseva. Iiwebhusayithi ezininzi ezisemthethweni, ingakumbi ezo zenziwe kwiminyaka edlulileyo okanye ezigcinwe ngesakhiwo sendabuko, zisasebenzisa esi simamva ngokubonakalayo kwiidilesi zazo.
Ngenxa yoko, iingcali zigxininisa ukuba kukho akukho budlelwane obuthe ngqo nobuzenzekelayo phakathi kokusebenzisa i-.html kunye nokuzibandakanya kulwaphulo-mthetho lwe-intanethi. Abakhohlisi bakhululekile ukuyila iiwebhusayithi zabo zobuqhetseba phantse nangayiphi na indlela ye-URL abayithandayo, nokuba izandiso ezibonakalayo okanye azibonakali. Ukugxila kuphela kwinxalenye yokugqibela yedilesi kuyakhohlisa.
Amaqonga anamhlanje adla ngokufihla ulwandiso lweefayile ngokupheleleyo, kodwa oko akuzenzi zikhuseleke ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngendlela efanayo, iphepha elibonisa ngokucacileyo ".html" linokuba yinxalenye ye iwebhusayithi ethembekileyo, ekudala ikhoInto ebalulekileyo ayisosimamva ngokwaso kodwa yindlela ebekwe ngayo yonke indawo kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo.
Kutheni i-.html ingelophawu lobuxoki oluthembekileyo
Xa kubuzwa ngale ngxelo isasazekayo, I-ChatGPT icacisa ukuba isimamva se-.html sodwa asinakuthathwa njengobungqina bobuqhetseba. Yenye nje yeendlela ezininzi ezinokwenzeka zokuyila idilesi yewebhu kwaye ibonisa indlela iifayile ezicwangciswe ngayo kwiseva, endaweni yeenjongo zalowo ulawula iphepha.
Iingcali zokhuseleko lwe-cyber zongeza ukuba abadlali abanobungozi batshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye banokusebenzisa nayiphi na ifomathi ye-URLBanokukopa ulwakhiwo lweebhrendi ezaziwayo, basebenzise iindlela ezintsonkothileyo ezifihla ulwandiso, okanye baxhomekeke kwiikhonkco ezimfutshane ezifihla ngokupheleleyo idilesi yokuqala. Ukutshixa kwipateni enye, efana nokuthi “iphela ngo .html”, akunandaba nokuba abahlaseli baguquguquka kangakanani.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ii-portals ezininzi zikarhulumente, amaziko emfundo kunye neendawo zoshishino ezincinci zisasebenzisa iifayile ze-HTML eziqhelekileyo njengeephepha zazo eziphambiliUkubahlwaya okanye ukungabathembi kuba nje iidilesi zabo zisekule ndlela iqhelekileyo kuya kukhokelela kwiingxelo zobuxoki ezininzi kunye noloyiko olungeyomfuneko phakathi kwabasebenzisi.
Ngoko ke iingcali zigxininisa ukuba unyango Isiphelo esithi “.html” njengeflegi ebomvu yendalo yonke yingcamango engafanelekanga, izalwa kakhulu ziintsomi nokungaqondani kunokuba ivele kubungqina bokwenyani obuqokelelwe kuphando lokwenyani lobuqhetseba kwi-intanethi.
Oko iingcali zicebisa ukuba kujongwe endaweni yesimamva nje
Endaweni yokuqwalasela indlela i-URL ephela ngayo, amaziko afana ne- Iziko leSizwe le-Cybersecurity yaseSpain (INCIBE) cebisa ukuba kunikelwe ingqalelo kwiseti ebanzi yemiqondiso. Ezi zinto zibonelela ngombono ochanekileyo ngakumbi wokuba ingaba iwebhusayithi izama ukukhohlisa abasebenzisi.
Phakathi kwezinto eziphambili Oku kuboniswe yi-INCIBE kunye nezinye iingcali zezi zilandelayo:
- Ukusetyenziswa kweprotocol ye-https: isatifikethi sedijithali esisebenzayo kunye noqhagamshelo olufihliweyo (ii-https endaweni ye-http ecacileyo) zinceda ekukhuseleni idatha ehanjiswayo. Nangona ingeyosiqinisekiso sokunyaniseka ngokupheleleyo, ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwee-https kumaphepha acela ulwazi oluyimfihlo luphawu oluxhalabisayo.
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwezatifikethi zokhuseleko: iibrowser zanamhlanje zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bahlole isatifikethi, umniki waso kunye nomhla wokuphelelwa kwaso. Izatifikethi ezizityikityileyo okanye ezo zibangela izilumkiso zinokubonisa uqwalaselo olubi okanye umngcipheko onokubakho.
- Upelo kunye nomgangatho wedomeyini: iidomeyini ezilinganisa iimpawu ezaziwayo ezineempazamo ezifihlakeleyo, oonobumba abongezelelweyo okanye iziphelo ezingaqhelekanga zihlala zicebisa ukuzama ukuzenza umntu ongenguye.
- Udumo kunye nembali yale ndawo: ukujonga ukuba iwebhusayithi ibhekiswa kwimibutho ethembekileyo, ivela kwiincwadi ezisemthethweni okanye ibikwe ngobuqhetseba kunika umxholo ongaphezulu kunokujonga nje kwi-“.html”.
Ukongeza kwezi nkalo zobugcisa, I-ChatGPT kunye nezinye iinkqubo ze-AI zicebisa ukuba kujongwe umxholo uphela wephephaOku kuquka ukucaca kolwazi olunikiweyo, ukucaca malunga nokuba ngubani oqhuba le sayithi kunye nokubakho kwamaqhinga okuthengisa anobundlongondlongo okanye angaqondakaliyo acinezela abasebenzisi ukuba benze ngokukhawuleza.
Elinye inqaku elibalulekileyo kukuba uqaphele iifom ezicela ulwazi lomntu okanye lwezemali olungeyomfuneko, njengeenombolo zesazisi ezipheleleyo, iziqinisekiso zebhanki okanye iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zekhadi letyala kumaphepha apho kungekho sizathu sicacileyo sokuzicela. Ii-pop-up okanye ii-redirects ezikhawulezileyo xa ucofa kwiikhonkco ezibonakala zingenabungozi nazo zinokubonisa ukuziphatha okungathandabuzekiyo.
Indlela iintsomi ezimalunga ne-.html kunye nobuqhetseba ezisasazeka ngayo kwi-intanethi
Ingcinga yokuba “ukuba i-URL iphela nge-.html, bubuqhetseba” ibonakala ngathi ivela kwi- ukutolikwa gwenxa kwentetho yobugcisa kunye neengcebiso zokhuseleko lwe-intanethiKwezinye iiphulo zokwazisa, abasebenzisi baxelelwa ukuba banikele ingqalelo kwiidilesi ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezingaqhelekanga, kodwa lo myalezo ngamanye amaxesha uye wenziwa lula kangangokuba kube yinto edidayo.
Ngokweengxelo zohlalutyo lwe-AI kunye neengxelo zeengcali, abantu badla ngokuxuba izandiso zefayile neepateni ezinobungoziUkubona isimamva abangasiqhelanga, okanye eso basidibanisa neewebhusayithi ezindala, kunokubangela ukungathembani, nangona ulwandiso ngokwalo lungenalo unxibelelwano lwangaphakathi nobuqhetseba.
Olu bhideko lukhuliswa izithuba ezisasazwayo, imiyalezo ethe tyaba kunye nemixholo eyoyikisayo kwimidiya yoluntu, apho amabango ehlala ekwabelwana ngawo ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa. Isivakalisi esiphindaphindwayo amaxesha aneleyo, nokuba asinabo ubungqina, sinokuphela sivakala njengenyaniso esele iqinisekisiwe kubasebenzisi abaninzi.
Izigebenga ze-intanethi zinokusebenzisa ezi ngcamango ziphosakeleyo njengezinto eziphazamisayo. Ngelixa abanye abasebenzisi becinga kakhulu malunga nokuba i-URL ibonisa ".html", abahlaseli banokuxhomekeka kwiindlela ezifihlakeleyo, ezifana ukudala iikopi eziqinisekisayo zamaphepha okungena ngemvume ngebhrendi yokwenyani kunye noyilo olubonakala lukhuselekile.
Iingcali ezivela kumaziko afana namaqonga e-INCIBE kunye ne-AI zigxininisa ukuba abasebenzisi kufuneka benze njalo. batshintshe ingqwalasela yabo kwiinkcukacha zobugcisa ezizimeleyo baye kwindlela esebenza ngayo iwebhusayithi iyonke.Indlela iphepha eliphatha ngayo idatha, elinxibelelana ngayo neendwendwe kunye nokudibanisa iinkqubo zokuhlawula ichaza ngakumbi kunokuba lityhila ulwandiso lwefayile kwibha yedilesi okanye hayi.
Amaqhinga okusebenzisa i-phishing adlula kakhulu iziphelo ze-URL ezilula
Iiphulo zangoku zokweba idatha zibonisa indlela ekulinganiselwe ngayo ukuxhomekeka kumthetho omnye ofana nothi “phepha i-.html”. Abahlaseli ngoku basebenzisa amaqhinga adibeneyo adibanisa ubunjineli bezentlalo, ukulinganisa okubonakalayo kunye noxinzelelo lwengqondo ukweyisela amaxhoba ukuba abelane ngolwazi lwabo lomntu.
Umzekelo, i-imeyile yobuqhetseba ingenza ngathi ivela ebhankini, kwivenkile ekwi-intanethi okanye kwinkampani yokuhambisa impahla. I-URL ekumyalezo ingabonakala ngathi yeyobuchwephesha, isebenzise ii-https kwaye ibandakanye negama lebhrendi, kodwa usathumela kwiphepha eliyilwe ngobuchule eliyilelwe kuphela ukubamba iinkcukacha zokungena okanye iinombolo zekhadi.
La maphepha asenokubonisa okanye angabonisi ulwandiso olubonakalayo olufana ne-“.html”. Uninzi lwawo iveliswe ngokuguquguqukayo okanye ezigcinwe kwiiwebhusayithi ezinobungozi. Ukukhethwa kwesakhiwo kuxhomekeke kakhulu ekubeni umhlaseli ulula kangakanani kunakwimfuneko yokulandela ipateni ethile.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iingcali zigxininisa ukuba Ukhuselo lokwenyani ngokuchasene ne-phishing luxhomekeke ekuqondeni komsebenzisi kunye nokucinga nzuluUkuqinisekisa imiyalezo ngeendlela ezisemthethweni, ukuphepha amakhonkco avela kubathumeli abangaziwayo kunye nokunika ingqalelo kwigrama, ithoni kunye nomxholo kunxibelelwano zonke ezi zizinto eziphambili.
Izixhobo zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ezifana neChatGPT zinokunceda ngokuthi ukuchaza imiqondiso engathandabuzekiyo nokucacisa iingcamango zobugcisa, kodwa azithathi indawo yokuziphatha ngononophelo. Abasebenzisi bayakhuthazwa ukuba badibanise inkxaso ye-AI nolwazi oluvela kwiiphothali ezisemthethweni zokhuseleko lwe-cyber kunye namaziko kazwelonke.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo zokukhangela ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokujonga i-URL
Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuwela kubuqhetseba obukwi-intanethi, iingcali ezivela kwi-INCIBE kunye neminye imibutho zibalaselisa uthotho lwe amanyathelo emihla ngemihla ezidlula ngaphaya kokujonga ukuba idilesi yewebhu iphela ngo-“.html”.
Okokuqala, bayacebisa ukuqinisekisa ubunyani bedomeyini ngaphambi kokufaka nayiphi na idatha eyimfihlo. Ukuthayipha idilesi ngesandla kwisikhangeli, endaweni yokucofa kwiikhonkco kwii-imeyile okanye kwimiyalezo, kunceda ukuphepha ukuqondisa kwakhona okufihliweyo. Ukuthelekisa i-URL naleyo yotyelelo oluthembekileyo lwangaphambili nako kuluncedo.
Okwesibini, abasebenzisi kufuneka gcina iinkqubo zokusebenza, iibrowsers kunye nesoftware yokhuseleko zihlaziyiweUhlaselo oluninzi lusebenzisa ubuthathaka obaziwayo obusele bulungisiwe, ngoko ke ukulibazisa uhlaziyo kunokushiya izixhobo zichanabeke kwiingozi ezinokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo.
Okwesithathu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo anamandla, awodwa kwinkonzo nganye kwaye, xa kunokwenzeka, vumela ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezininzi. Nokuba iinkcukacha zokungena zichaphazeleka kwindawo enye, le ndlela inciphisa umonakalo kwaye yenza kube nzima ngakumbi kubahlaseli ukufikelela kwezinye iiakhawunti.
Okwesine, iiarhente zokhuseleko lwe-intanethi zicebisa ukuba zisebenzise ithuba izixhobo zodumo kwi-intanethi, uluhlu lwezilumkiso ezisemthethweni kunye neempawu zokhuseleko lwesiphequluliEzi zixhobo zinokuphawula iisayithi ezaziwa ngokusasaza i-malware okanye ukubandakanyeka kubuqhetseba, zibonelela ngolunye ukhuselo olungenanto yakwenza nokuba khona okanye ukungabikho kwe-“.html”.
Okokugqibela, iingcali zigxininisa ukubaluleka ukugcina ingqondo ingathandabuzi xa ujongene nemiyalezo engxamisekileyo okanye echukumisayoIzithembiso zemivuzo engalindelekanga, izoyikiso zokuvalwa kweakhawunti kwangoko okanye uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lokuba kwenziwe “ngoku” ziindlela zakudala zokukhohlisa ezisetyenziswa ngabakhohlisi.
Iingcali zabantu kunye neenkqubo ze-AI zithi isimamva se-.html singolwazi nje lobuchwephesha kwaye asiyondlela ethembekileyo yokugweba ukunyaniseka kwewebhusayithi.Ukhuseleko lokwenyani kwi-intanethi luxhomekeke kudibaniso lokuhlolwa kobugcisa, ulwazi lwamva nje kunye nokuziphatha ngobulumko komsebenzisi, endaweni yomthetho omnye olula kakhulu malunga nendlela ii-URL ezimele ziphele ngayo okanye ezingafanele ziphele ngayo.
