Isonjululwe: fumana umxholo wefayile

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Ukufunda umxholo wefayile yimfuneko eqhelekileyo kwizenzo ezininzi zeprogram kunye nezicelo. I-C++ ibonelela ngesakhelo esingenamthungo nesisebenzayo kulo msebenzi. Eli nqaku liza kukhangela indlela yokufumana umxholo wefayile usebenzisa i-C ++, ichaza imisebenzi engaphantsi kwe-underbelly kunye neelayibrari ezenza inkqubo ibe lula.

## Ukufumana umxholo weFayile kwiC++

Ukufumana umxholo wefayile kwi-C ++, sisebenzisa i-iostream yelayibrari eqhelekileyo kunye nelayibrari yomlambo wefayile fstream. Umsebenzi we-ifstream unceda ukuvula ifayile kwimodi yokufunda, kwaye sihamba ngomgca wefayile ngomgca usebenzisa umsebenzi we-getline.

Isisombululo kule ngxaki silandelayo:

# kuquka
# kuquka
# kuquka

engundoqo () {
std::ifstream ifayile("example.txt");
std::layini yomtya;

ngelixa(std::getline(ifayile, umgca)) {
std::cout << umgca << 'n'; } ifayile.vala(); buyisela i-0; } [/code] Ikhowudi engentla iya kufunda ifayile "example.txt" umgca ngomgca, kwaye ikhuphe umxholo kwi-console. ## INyathelo neNyathelo Inkcazo yeKhowudi

Ikhowudi iqala ngokubandakanya amathala eencwadi ayimfuneko. I nditsho ilayibrari isetyenziselwa igalelo/imveliso imisebenzi ngelixa i umlambo ilayibrari isetyenziselwa imisebenzi yokuphatha iifayile. I umtya ilayibrari yeyokusebenzisa uhlobo lwedatha yomtya.

Sifaka umsebenzi oyintloko apho sibhengeza into ye-ifstream "ifayile". Lo mgca uvula ifayile "example.txt" kwindlela yokufunda. Ukuba ifayile ayikwazi ukuvulwa, umyalezo wemposiso uyaboniswa.

Okulandelayo, i-loop yexeshana isetyenzisiwe ukukhupha imigca kwifayile usebenzisa umsebenzi we-getline. Ilophu iyaqhubeka de akusekho migca yokutsalwa. Umgca ngamnye okhutshiweyo uphuma kwiconsole usebenzisa std::cout.

Inyathelo lokugqibela kukuvala ifayile evuliweyo usebenzisa indlela yokuvala. Kubalulekile ukusoloko ukhumbula ukuvala naziphi na iifayile ezivulwe kwinkqubo yakho ukunqanda urhwaphilizo data.

## Ithala leencwadi leFayile

The ilayibrari yomjelo wefayile (fstream) yinxalenye yethala leencwadi elisemgangathweni elibonelela ngeeklasi zokuphatha iifayile. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeefayile zemijelo: ifstream (iifayile zegalelo), i-ofstream (iifayile zemveliso), kunye ne-fstream (zombini igalelo kunye nemveliso).

Le mijelo iziphatha kakhulu njengethala leencwadi le-iostream, elibonelela nge-cin kunye ne-cout. Umzekelo, ungasebenzisa abaqhubi abafana >> kunye << kwimisinga yeefayile ngendlela efanayo obuya kwenza ngayo nge cin kunye ne cout. ## Ithala leencwadi le-iostream I ilayibrari ye-iostream yinxalenye yethala leencwadi elisemgangathweni elibonelela ngeeklasi zokuphatha igalelo kunye nemveliso. Mhlawumbi lelona thala leencwadi lisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-C++, njengoko libandakanya imisebenzi esisiseko njenge-cout, i-cin, kunye ne-cerr.

Ngokuqonda la mathala eencwadi kunye nendlela yokuwasebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo, unokusingatha ngokulula imisebenzi enzima njengokufunda nokubhala iifayile kwi-C ++.

Enye ingongoma yokuqaphela kukuba nangona le ndlela yokufumana umxholo wefayile ichanekileyo kwaye iyasebenza ngokubanzi, imeko nganye iya kufuna amaqhinga ahlukeneyo. Imodyuli kunye nendalo eyomeleleyo yenkqubo ye-C++ iyenza ibe yindlela eguquguqukayo yosetyenziso oluhlukeneyo.

Ngokutsiba phakathi kwamathala eencwadi, imisebenzi, kunye neeparadigms, uya kufumanisa ukuba iC ++ lulwimi olunabileyo olukwaziyo ukujongana noluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi, kubandakanywa nesenzo esilula sokufumana umxholo wefayile.